Family GASTEROSTEIDAE BONAPARTE 1831 トゲウオ科
Gasterosteids (トゲウオ科魚種)
Stickle-Backs (トゲウオ科魚種)
Genus Apeltes♂DE KAY 1842 アペルテス属
※← [Sub-Family Apeltinae GILL 1884]。
北米東部沿岸域。
◆ Apeltes quadracus (Mitchill 1815)
syn.Gasterosteus apeltes Cuvier & Valenciennes 1829 Gasterosteus millepunctatus Ayres 1844 Gasterosteus quadracus Mitchill 1815 *1815『The Fishes of New-York, Described and Arranged:Samuel Latham Mitchill』。 *1829『Histoire Naturelle des Poissons 4:Georges Léopold Chrétien Frédéric Dagobert Cuvier & Achille Valenciennes』。 *1838-1839『A Report on the Fishes of Massachusetts 1839:David Humphreys Storer』。 *1839『Reports on the Fishes, Reptiles and Birds of Massachusetts:David Humphreys Storer』。 *1842『Fishes in Natural History of New York 1:James Ellsworth de Kay』。 *1842『Fishes in Natural History of New York 1 Plates:James Ellsworth de Kay』。 *1841-1844『Dr.Storer Communicated a Paper from William O.Ayres of East Hartford, Entitled Enumeration of the Fishes of Brookhaven, L.I., with Remarks Upon the Species Observed 1842 in Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History 1:William Orville Ayres』。 *1841-1844『Dr.Storer Communicated a Paper from W.O.Ayres of East Hartford, Describing Four Fishes Taken at Brookhaven, L.I., Which He Regards as New 1842 in Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History 1:William Orville Ayres』。 *1843-1844『Descriptions of Four Species of Fish from Brookhaven, L.I., all of Which are Believed to be New 1843:William Orville Ayres』。 *1843-1844『Enumeration of the Fishes of Brookhaven, Long Island with Remarks upon the Species Observed 1842:William Orville Ayres』。 *1846『A Synopsis of the Fishes of North America 1845:David Humphreys Storer』。 *1882『Synopsis of the Fishes of North America:David Starr Jordan & Charles Henry Gilbert』。 *1896『A Check-List of the Fishes and Fish-Like Vertebrates of North and Middle America 1895:David Starr Jordan & Barton Warren Evermann』。 *1896『The Fishes of North and Middle America 1, a Descriptive Catalogue of the Species of Fish-Like Vertebrates Found in the Waters of North America, North of the Isthmus of Panama:David Starr Jordan & Barton Warren Evermann』。 *1900『The Fishes of North and Middle America 4, a Descriptive Catalogue of the Species of Fish-Like Vertebrates Found in the Waters of North America, North of the Isthmus of Panama:David Starr Jordan & Barton Warren Evermann』。
"ヨツトゲウオ"。"Bloody Stickle-Back"。"Four-Spined Stickle-Back"。淡水〜汽水〜海水域。4〜20℃。
Genus Culaea♀ WHITLEY 1950 クラエア属
※≠Genus Eucalia♀ FELDER 1861 [Nymphalidae, Lepidoptera, Insecta]。
※=Genus Eucalia♀ JORDAN 1876。
北米大陸。
◆ Culaea inconstans cayugus (Jordan 1876)
syn.Eucalia inconstans var.cayuga Jordan 1876 Eucalia inconstans cayuga Jordan & Evermann 1896 *1896『A Check-List of the Fishes and Fish-Like Vertebrates of North and Middle America 1895:David Starr Jordan & Barton Warren Evermann』。 *1896『The Fishes of North and Middle America 1, a Descriptive Catalogue of the Species of Fish-Like Vertebrates Found in the Waters of North America, North of the Isthmus of Panama:David Starr Jordan & Barton Warren Evermann』。
◆ Culaea inconstans inconstans (Kirtland 1838)
syn.Eucalia inconstans (Kirtland 1838) Eucalia inconstans pygmaea (Agassiz 1850) Jordan & Evermann 1896 Eucalia pygmaea (Agassiz 1850) Gasterosteus gymnetes Dawson 1859 Gasterosteus inconstans Kirtland 1838 Gasterosteus pygmaeus Agassiz 1850 *1838『Report on the Zoology of Ohio, a Catalogue of the Mammalia, Birds, Reptiles, Fishes, Testacea and Crustacean in Ohio:Jared Potter Kirtland』。 *1840-1841『Descriptions of Four New Species of Fishes:Jared Potter Kirtland』。 *1842『Fishes in Natural History of New York 1:James Ellsworth de Kay』。 *1846『A Synopsis of the Fishes of North America 1845:David Humphreys Storer』。 *1850『Lake Superior, Its Physical Character, Vegetation and Animals, Compared with Those of Other and Similar Regions:Jean Louis Rodolphe Agassiz』。 *1882『Synopsis of the Fishes of North America:David Starr Jordan & Charles Henry Gilbert』。 *1896『A Check-List of the Fishes and Fish-Like Vertebrates of North and Middle America 1895:David Starr Jordan & Barton Warren Evermann』。 *1896『A Check-List of the Fishes and Fish-Like Vertebrates of North and Middle America 1895:David Starr Jordan & Barton Warren Evermann』。 *1896『The Fishes of North and Middle America 1, a Descriptive Catalogue of the Species of Fish-Like Vertebrates Found in the Waters of North America, North of the Isthmus of Panama:David Starr Jordan & Barton Warren Evermann』。 *2021『Parallel and Non-Parallel Divergence within Polymorphic Populations of Brook Stickle-Back Culaea inconstans [Actinopterygii, Gasterosteidae]:Kaitlyn Willerth, Emily Franks & Jonathan A.Mee』。
"北米淡水トゲウオ"。"Brook Stickle-Back"。"Stickle-Back"。淡水棲、極稀に汽水域で見つかる。pH7.0・4〜18℃。IUCN Least Concern ver.3.1。
◆イトヨ Gasterosteus aculeatus aculeatus von Linné 1758
syn.Gasteracanthus aculeatus (von Linné 1758) Pallas 1831 Gasteracanthus aculeatus var.cataphractus (Pallas 1831) Jordan & Gilbert 1882 Gasteracanthus cataphractus Pallas 1831 Gasterosteus aculeatus var.cataphractus (Pallas 1814) Jordan & Gilbert 1882 Gasterosteus aculeatus leiurus (Cuvier 1829) Gasterosteus aculeatus messinicus Stephanidis 1971 Gasterosteus aculeatus trachurus (Cuvier 1829) Fries, Ekström & Sundevall 1895 Gasterosteus algeriensis Sauvage 1874 Gasterosteus argentatissimus Blanchard 1866 Gasterosteus argyropomus Cuvier & Valenciennes 1829 Gasterosteus atkinsii Bean 1879 Gasterosteus bailloni Blanchard 1866 Gasterosteus biaculeatus Mitchill 1815 non Shaw 1803 Gasterosteus biarmatus Krynicki 1840 Gasterosteus bispinosus Walbaum 1792 Gasterosteus bispinosus atkinsi Jordan & Evermann 1896 ※スペルミス。 Gasterosteus bispinosus atkinsii (Bean 1879) Jordan & Evermann 1896 Gasterosteus bispinosus cuvieri (Girard 1850) Jordan & Evermann 1896 Gasterosteus brachycentrus Cuvier & Valenciennes 1829 Gasterosteus cataphractus (Pallas 1814) von Tilenau 1811 Gasterosteus cuvieri Girard 1850 Gasterosteus dekayi Ayres 1855 non Agassiz 1850 Gasterosteus dimidiatus Reinhardt 1837 Gasterosteus elegans Blanchard 1866 Gasterosteus hologymnus Regan 1909 Gasterosteus inopinatus Girard 1856 Gasterosteus insculptus Richardson 1855 Gasterosteus intermedius Girard 1857 Gasterosteus leiurus Cuvier & Valenciennes 1829 Gasterosteus loricatus Reinhardt 1837 Gasterosteus nemausensis Crespon 1844 Gasterosteus neoboracensis de Kay 1842 Gasterosteus neustrianus Blanchard 1866 Gasterosteus niger Cuvier 1817 ※=Gasterosteus (Centronotus) niger Cuvier 1817。 Gasterosteus noveboracensis Cuvier & Valenciennes 1829 Gasterosteus obolarius Cuvier & Valenciennes 1829 Gasterosteus plebeius Girard 1856 Gasterosteus ponticus Nordmann 1840 Gasterosteus pugetti Girard 1857 Gasterosteus quadrispinosus Crespon 1844 Gasterosteus semiarmatus Cuvier & Valenciennes 1829 Gasterosteus semiloricatus Cuvier & Valenciennes 1829 Gasterosteus serratus Ayres 1857 Gasterosteus spinulosus Yarrell 1835 Gasterosteus suppositus Sauvage 1874 Gasterosteus teraculeatus de la Cépède 1801 Gasterosteus tetracanthus Cuvier & Valenciennes 1829 Gasterosteus texanus Sauvage 1874 Gasterosteus trachurus Cuvier & Valenciennes 1829 Leiurus aculeatus (von Linné 1758) *1758『Regnum Animale 4, Pisces in Systema Naturæ per Regna Tria Naturæ 1 of 10°:Carl von Linné』。 *1761『Pisces in Fauna Svecicæ, Sistens Animalia Sveciae Regni, Mammalia, Aves, Amphibia, Pisces, Insecta, Vermes, Distributa per Classes & Ordines, Genera & Species, cum Differentiis Specierum, Synonymis Auctorum, Nominibus Incolarum, Locis Natalium, Descriptionibus Insectorum:Carl von Linné』。 *1766『Regnum Animale 4, Pisces in Systema Naturæ per Regna Tria Naturæ 1 of 12°:Carl von Linné』。 *1776『British Zoology 3:Thomas Pennant』。 *1783『Ökonomische Naturgeschichte der Fische Deutschlands, mit Sieben und Dreyssig Kupfertafeln Nach Originalen 1-1-2:Marcus Elieser Bloch』。 *1783-1785『Ökonomische Naturgeschichte der Fische Deutschlands, mit Sieben und Dreyssig Kupfertafeln Nach Originalen 1 Atlas:Marcus Elieser Bloch』。 *1785『Ichtyologie, ou, Histoire Naturelle, Générale et Particulieère des Poissons, avec des Figures Enluminées, Dessinées d'Après Nature 2:Marcus Elieser Bloch』。 *1788『Tableau Encyclopédique et Méthodique des Trois Regnes de la Nature, Ichthyologie:Pierre Joseph Bonnaterre』。 *1801『Systema Ichthyologiae Iconibus cx Illustratum:Marcus Elieser Bloch after Johann Gottlob Schneider』。 *1803『General Zoology or Systematic Natural History 4, Pisces 2:George Shaw』。 *1810『Ichthyologie de Nice, ou Histoire Naturelle des Poissons du Departement des Alpes Maritimes:Antoine Risso』。 *1811『Piscium Camtschaticorum Descriptiones et Icones 1809-1810:Wilhelm Gottlieb Tilesius von Tilenau』。 *1815『The Fishes of New-York, Described and Arranged:Samuel Latham Mitchill』。 *1817『Le Règne Animal Distribué d'Après son Organisation Pour Servir de Base à l'Histoire Naturelle des Animaux et d'Introduction à l'Anatomie Comparée 2, les Reptiles, les Poissons, les Mollusques et les Annélides:Georges Léopold Chrétien Frédéric Dagobert Cuvier』。 *1826『Histoire Naturelle des Poissons de la Méditerranée qui Fréquentent les Cotes des Alpes Maritimes, et qui Vivent Dans le Golfe de Nice in Histoire Naturelle des Principales Productions de l'Europe Méridionale, et Particulierement de Celles des Environs de Nice et des Alpes Maritimes 3:Antoine Risso』。 *1829『Histoire Naturelle des Poissons 4:Georges Léopold Chrétien Frédéric Dagobert Cuvier & Achille Valenciennes』。 *1829『Naturgeschichte der Fische Islands, Mit Einem Anhange von den Isländischen Medusen und Strahlthieren:Friedrich Faber』。 *1831『Zoographia Rosso-Asiatica, Sistens Omnium Animalium in Extenso Imperio Rossico et Adjacentibus Maribus Observatorum Recensionem, Domicilia, Mores et Descriptiones, Anatomen Atque Icones Plurimorum 3:Peter Simon Pallas』。 *1832『Das Thierreich, Geordnet Nach Seiner Organisation, als Grundlage der Naturgeschichte der Thiere und Als Einleitung in die Vergleichende Anatomie 2:Georges Léopold Chrétien Frédéric Dagobert Cuvier & Friedrich Siegmund Voight』。 *1836『Fauna Boreali-Americana, or the Zoology of the Northern Parts of British America, Containing Descriptions of the Objects of Natural History Collected on the Late Northern Land Expeditions Under Command of Captain Sir John Franklin, R.N. 3, the Fish:John Richardson』。 *1838-1839『A Report on the Fishes of Massachusetts 1839:David Humphreys Storer』。 *1839『Reports on the Fishes, Reptiles and Birds of Massachusetts:David Humphreys Storer』。 *1842『Fishes in Natural History of New York 1:James Ellsworth de Kay』。 *1842『Fishes in Natural History of New York 1 Plates:James Ellsworth de Kay』。 *1843-1844『Enumeration of the Fishes of Brookhaven, Long Island with Remarks upon the Species Observed 1842:William Orville Ayres』。 *1846『A Synopsis of the Fishes of North America 1845:David Humphreys Storer』。 *1848『Naturgeschichte des Thierreichs für Hühere Schulen:Johannes Gistel』。 *1854『Catalogue of Fish Collected and Described by Laurence Theodor Gronow, now in the British Museum:John Edward Gray』。 *1856『Observations upon a Collection of Fishes Made on the Pacific Coast of the United States, by Lieutenant W.P.Trowbridge, U.S.A., for the Museum of the Smithsonian Institution 1854:Charles Frédéric Girard』。 *1854-1857『Dr.Ayres Presented the Following Description, with a Specimen of a Fish Believed to be New 1855 in Proceedings of the California Academy of Natural Sciences 1:William Orville Ayres』。 *1857『Contributions to the Ichthyology of the Western Coast of the United States, from Specimens in the Museum of the Smithsonion Institution 1856:Charles Frédéric Girard』。 *1859『Fishes 1858 in General Retort upon the Zoology of the Several Pacific Railroad Routes 1857 in Reports of Explorations and Surveys, to Ascertain the Most Practicable and Economical Route for a Railroad from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean 10 1853-1856:Charles Frédéric Girard』。 *1868『Catalogo dos Peixes de Portugal que Existem no Museu de Lisboa 1866-1867:Felix de Brito-Capello』。 *1882『Notes on the Fishes of the Pacific Coast of the United States 1881:David Starr Jordan & Charles Henry Gilbert』。 *1882『Synopsis of the Fishes of North America:David Starr Jordan & Charles Henry Gilbert』。 *1895『A History Scandinavian Fishes 2° 2:Bengt Fredrik Fries, Carl Ulrik Ekström & Carl Jacob Sundevall』。 *1895『The Ichthyological Collections of the Steamer Albatross During the Years 1890 and 1891:Charles Henry Gilbert』。 *1896『A Check-List of the Fishes and Fish-Like Vertebrates of North and Middle America 1895:David Starr Jordan & Barton Warren Evermann』。 *1896『The Fishes of North and Middle America 1, a Descriptive Catalogue of the Species of Fish-Like Vertebrates Found in the Waters of North America, North of the Isthmus of Panama:David Starr Jordan & Barton Warren Evermann』。 *1896『The Fishes of Puget Sound 1895:David Starr Jordan & Edward Chapin Starks』。 *1900『The Fishes of North and Middle America 4, a Descriptive Catalogue of the Species of Fish-Like Vertebrates Found in the Waters of North America, North of the Isthmus of Panama:David Starr Jordan & Barton Warren Evermann』。 *1901『A List of Fishes Collected in Japan by Keinosuke Otaki and by the United States Steamer Albatross, with Descriptions of Fourteen New Species:David Starr Jordan & John Otterbein Snyder』。 *1902『Bibliography and Catalogue of the Fossil Vertebrata of North America 1901:Oliver Perry Hay』。 *1903『A Review of the Hemibranchiate Fishes of Japan:David Starr Jordan & Edwin Chapin Starks』。 *1907『The Fishes of Alaska 1906:Barton Warren Evermann & Edmund Lee Goldsborough』。 *1906-1908『Notes on a Collection of Fishes made by Prof.Ijima in the Southern Parts of Sakhalin 1908:Shigeho Tanaka』。 *1907-1908『日本のトグウヲ:大瀧圭之介』。 *1908『The Fishes of the Sacramento-San Joaquin Basin, With a Study of Their Distribution and Variation:Cloudsley Louis Rutter』。 *1912『Fishes from Bering Sea and Kamchatka 1910:Charles Henry Gilbert & Charles Victor Burke』。 *1912『Japanese Shore Fishes Collected by the United States Bureau of Fisheries Steamer Albatross Expedition of 1906 1909:John Otterbein Snyder』。 *1913『A Catalogue of the Fishes of Japan:David Starr Jordan, Shigeho Tanaka & John Otterbein Snyder』。 *1922-1925『Record of Fishes Obtained by David Starr Jordan in Japan 1922:David Starr Jordan & Carl Leavitt Hubbs』。 *2020『Ichthyo-Fauna from Iranian Fresh-Water, Annotated Check-List, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment:Arash Jouladeh-Roudbar, Hamid Reza Ghanavi & Ignacio Doadrio』。 *2021『Diversity and Sexual Dimorphism in the Head Lateral Line System in North Sea Populations of Three-Spine Stickle-Backs, Gasterosteus aculeatus [Teleostei, Gasterosteidae]:Harald Ahnelt, David Ramler, Maria Ørum Madsen, Lasse Fast Jensen & Sonja Windhager』。 *2022『Changes in Red Color Sensitivity over the Spawning Cycle of Female Three-Spined Stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus:Li-Chun Li, Chrysoula Roufidou, Bertil Borg & Yi Ta Shao』。
"イトウオ"。"カワアジ"。"ケンギョ"。"ケンジャコ"。"タアジ"。"ハリウオ"。"ハリタテ"。"ハリンコ"。"Alaska Stickle-Back"。"Black Burn-Stickle"。"Burn-Stickle"。"Common Eastern Stickle-Back"。"Common Stickle-Back"。"European Stickle-Back"。"New York Stickle-Back"。"Salmon Killer"。"Stickle-Back"。"Two-Spinned Burn-Stickle"。"Three-Spined Stickle-Back"。"Two-Spined Stickle-Back"。淡水〜汽水〜海水域。IUCN Least Concern ver.3.1。4〜20℃。福島県以南陸封太平洋型+本州日本海型環地域個体群(LP)。A(岩手)・D(岩手遡河回遊太平洋型)・地域個体群LP(春採湖太平洋型)。留意N(北海道日本海型)・B(青森降海型)・絶滅危惧II類(秋田降海型)。EN(山形降海型)・絶滅危惧II類(福島陸封型)絶滅危惧II類(新潟)・危急(茨城)。危急種(富山降海型)・絶滅危惧II類(石川降海型)・Aランク(兵庫回遊型)。絶滅危惧II類VU(鳥取)・絶滅危惧II類VU(島根)・情報不足(山口日本海型)。絶滅EX(愛媛)・準絶滅危惧(福岡降海型)・EX(長崎降海型)・絶滅EX(熊本降海型)。情報不足(大分降海型)。
◆ Gasterosteus aculeatus biaculeatus (Shaw 1803)
syn.Gasterosteus aculeatus var.biaculeatus (Shaw 1803) Jordan & Gilbert 1882 Gasterosteus biaculeatus Shaw 1803 non Mitchill 1815 *1803『General Zoology or Systematic Natural History 4, Pisces 2:George Shaw』。 *1882『Synopsis of the Fishes of North America:David Starr Jordan & Charles Henry Gilbert』。
"Two-Spined Stickle-Back"。「Mentioned by Mr.Pennant on the authority of Dr.Forster: found about New York.」。
◆ Gasterosteus aculeatus gymnurus (Cuvier 1829)
syn.Gasterosteus gymnurus Cuvier 1829 *1832『Das Thierreich, Geordnet Nach Seiner Organisation, als Grundlage der Naturgeschichte der Thiere und Als Einleitung in die Vergleichende Anatomie 2:Georges Léopold Chrétien Frédéric Dagobert Cuvier & Friedrich Siegmund Voight』。 *1895『A History Scandinavian Fishes 2° 2:Bengt Fredrik Fries, Carl Ulrik Ekström & Carl Jacob Sundevall』。 *2015『Fresh-Water Fishes and Lampreys of Greece, an Annotated Check-List:Roberta Barbieri, Stamatis Zogaris, Eleni Kalogianni, Maria T.Stoumboudi, Yorgos Chatzinikolaou, Sofia Giakoumi, Yiannis Kapakos, Dimitris Kommatas, Nicholas Koutsikos, Vassilis Tachos, Louis Vardakas & Alcibiades N.Economou』。
"地中海トゲウオ"。淡水〜汽水域。IUCN Least Concern ver.3.1。
◆ Gasterosteus aculeatus williamsoni (Girard 1856)
syn.Gasterosteus williamsoni Girard 1856 *1856『Descriptions of New Fishes, Collected by Dr.A.L.Heermann, Naturalist Attached to the Survey of the Pacific Railroad Route, under Lieutenant R.S.Williamson, USA 1854:Charles Frédéric Girard』。 *1859『Fishes 1858 in General Retort upon the Zoology of the Several Pacific Railroad Routes 1857 in Reports of Explorations and Surveys, to Ascertain the Most Practicable and Economical Route for a Railroad from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean 10 1853-1856:Charles Frédéric Girard』。 *1896『A Check-List of the Fishes and Fish-Like Vertebrates of North and Middle America 1895:David Starr Jordan & Barton Warren Evermann』。 *1896『The Fishes of North and Middle America 1, a Descriptive Catalogue of the Species of Fish-Like Vertebrates Found in the Waters of North America, North of the Isthmus of Panama:David Starr Jordan & Barton Warren Evermann』。
"ハダカトゲウオ"。淡水〜汽水〜海水域。合衆国魚類及び野生生物保護局(Threatened)。
◆ Gasterosteus islandicus
"アイスランドトゲウオ"。淡水棲。IUCN Least Concern ver.3.1。
◆ Gasterosteus japonicus (Franz 1910)
syn.Gasterosteus williamsoni japonicus Franz 1910 non Houttuyn 1782 *1910『Die Japanische Knochenfische der Sammlungen Haberer und Doflein:Victor Franz』。
◆ガステロステウス・レプトソムス (絶滅) Gasterosteus leptosomus (Hay 1907)
syn.Gasterosteus doryssus (Jordan 1910) Gasterosteus williamsoni leptosomus Hay 1907 Merriamella doryssa Jordan 1910 *1907『A New Fossil Stickleback Fish from Nevada:Oliver Perry Hay』。 *1906-1910『The Fossil Fishes of California, with Supplementary Notes on Other Species of Extinct Fishes 1907:David Starr Jordan』。
◆ガステロステウス・カモエンシス (絶滅) Gasterosteus kamoensis Nazarkin, Yabumoto & Urabe 2013 *2013『A New Miocene Three-Spined Stickleback [Pisces, Gasterosteidae] from Central Japan: Mikhail Valerievich Nazarkin, Yoshitaka Yabumoto & Atsushi Urabe』。
◆ハリヨ Gasterosteus microcephalus Girard 1856
syn.Gasterosteus aculeatus microcephalus (Girard 1856) Jordan & Hubbs 1925 Gasterosteus williamsoni microcephalus (Girard 1856) Jordan & Evermann 1896 *1856『Descriptions of New Fishes, Collected by Dr.A.L.Heermann, Naturalist Attached to the Survey of the Pacific Railroad Route, under Lieutenant R.S.Williamson, USA 1854:Charles Frédéric Girard』。 *1859『Fishes 1858 in General Retort upon the Zoology of the Several Pacific Railroad Routes 1857 in Reports of Explorations and Surveys, to Ascertain the Most Practicable and Economical Route for a Railroad from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean 10 1853-1856:Charles Frédéric Girard』。 *1882『Notes on the Fishes of the Pacific Coast of the United States 1881:David Starr Jordan & Charles Henry Gilbert』。 *1882『Synopsis of the Fishes of North America:David Starr Jordan & Charles Henry Gilbert』。 *1896『Supplementary, List of Fresh-Water Fishes Collected in the Vicinity of Seattle, Washington 1895:Edward Chapin Starks』。 *1896『The Fishes of North and Middle America 1, a Descriptive Catalogue of the Species of Fish-Like Vertebrates Found in the Waters of North America, North of the Isthmus of Panama:David Starr Jordan & Barton Warren Evermann』。 *1896『A Check-List of the Fishes and Fish-Like Vertebrates of North and Middle America 1895:David Starr Jordan & Barton Warren Evermann』。 *1896『The Fishes of Puget Sound 1895:David Starr Jordan & Edward Chapin Starks』。 *1912『Fishes from Bering Sea and Kamchatka 1910:Charles Henry Gilbert & Charles Victor Burke』。 *1922-1925『Record of Fishes Obtained by David Starr Jordan in Japan 1922:David Starr Jordan & Carl Leavitt Hubbs』。 *2016『滋賀県ハリヨの危機:森誠一/小北智之/松田征也』。
"California Stckle-Back"。"Sticklebach"。淡水棲。環絶滅危惧IA類(CR)・滋賀県指定希少野生動植物種。絶滅危惧I類(岐阜)・絶滅危惧(滋賀)。
◆ニホンイトヨ Gasterosteus nipponicus Higuchi, Sakai & Goto 2014 *2014『A New Threespine Stickleback, Gasterosteus nipponicus sp.nov. [Teleostei, Gasterosteidae], from the Japan Sea Region:Masahito Higuchi, Harumi Sakai & Akira Goto』。
◆ガステロステウス・オリエンタリス (絶滅) Gasterosteus orientalis Sytchevskaya & Grechina 1981 *1981『Ископаемые колюшки рода Gasterosteus из неогеновых отложений Дальнего Востока:Евгения Константиновна Сычевская & Наталия Игоревна Гречина』。
Genus Gladiunculus♂ (JORDAN & EVERMANN 1927) グラディウンクルス属
※=Genus Gasterosteus♂VON LINNÉ 1758 Sub-Genus Gladiunculus♂ JORDAN & EVERMANN 1927。
◆ Gladiunculus gladiunculus (Kendall 1896)
syn.Gasterosteus gladiunculus Kendall 1896 *1896『A Check-List of the Fishes and Fish-Like Vertebrates of North and Middle America 1895:David Starr Jordan & Barton Warren Evermann』。 *1898『The Fishes of North and Middle America 3, a Descriptive Catalogue of the Species of Fish-Like Vertebrates Found in the Waters of North America, North of the Isthmus of Panama:David Starr Jordan & Barton Warren Evermann』。
Genus Pungitius♂ COSTE 1848 トミヨ属
※=Genus Gasterostea♀ (SAUVAGE 1874)。
※=Genus Gasterosteus♂VON LINNÉ 1758 Sub-Genus Gasterostea♀ SAUVAGE 1874。
※+Genus Pygosteus♂ GILL 1861 (Type species : Gasterosteus occidentalis Cuvier 1829)。
水草などに鳥の巣様の巣を造る。
◆プンギティウス・ハイネシ (絶滅) Pungitius haynesi David 1945 *1945『A Neogene Stickleback from the Ridge Formation of California:Lore Rose David』。 *1973『The Pliocene Stickleback Pungitius haynesi, a Junior Synonym of Gasterosteus aculeatus:Michael A.Bell』。
◆ Pungitius hellenicus Stephanidis 1971 *2015『Fresh-Water Fishes and Lampreys of Greece, an Annotated Check-List:Roberta Barbieri, Stamatis Zogaris, Eleni Kalogianni, Maria T.Stoumboudi, Yorgos Chatzinikolaou, Sofia Giakoumi, Yiannis Kapakos, Dimitris Kommatas, Nicholas Koutsikos, Vassilis Tachos, Louis Vardakas & Alcibiades N.Economou』。 *2020『Threatened Fresh-Water Fishes of the Mediterranean Basin Biodiversity Hotspot:Jörg Freyhof, Laura Bergner & Matthew Ford』。
"ギリシャトミヨ"。"Greek Nine-Spine Stickleback"。淡水棲。ベルン条約V。〜20℃。IUCN Critically Endangered B2ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v) ver.3.1。
◆ミナミトミヨ Pungitius kaibarae (Tanaka 1915)
syn.Pungitius sinensis kaibarae (Tanaka 1915) Pygosteus kaibarae Tanaka 1915 *1915『日本産魚類の十新種:田中茂穂』。 *1969『日本産トゲウオ科魚類の鱗板の研究6、ミナミトミヨ Pungitius kaibarae の稜鱗の発達について:五十嵐清』。 *1993『Spawning and Grouth of Eight-Spine Stickle-Back, Pungitius sinensis kaibarae (Tanaka) [Gasterosteidae, Pisces] in the Chayang Stream, a Tributary of Kumho River, Korea:Byung-Soo Chae & Hong-Jun Yang』。
"カツオ"。"サバジャコ(本来の名称)"。淡水〜汽水〜海水域。環絶滅(EX)。絶滅(京都)・絶滅(大阪)・今見られない(兵庫)。
◆プンギティウス・コルニエンシス (絶滅) Pungitius kornyensis Schwarzhans 2017 *2017『A Review of Otoliths Collected by W.Weiler from the Badenian of Romania and by B.Strashimirov from Badenian Equivalents of Bulgaria:Werner W.Schwarzhans』。
◆ Pungitius laevis (Cuvier 1829)
syn.Gasterosteus breviceps Blanchard 1866 Gasterosteus burgundianus Blanchard 1866 Gasterosteus laevis Cuvier 1829 Gasterosteus lotharingus Blanchard 1866 Gasterosteus vulgaris Mauduyt 1848 *1832『Das Thierreich, Geordnet Nach Seiner Organisation, als Grundlage der Naturgeschichte der Thiere und Als Einleitung in die Vergleichende Anatomie 2:Georges Léopold Chrétien Frédéric Dagobert Cuvier & Friedrich Siegmund Voight』。
"ココノツトゲウオ"。淡水棲。IUCN Least Concern ver.3.1。
◆カクレトミヨ Pungitius modestus Matsumoto, Matsuura & Hanzawa 2021
syn.Pungitius sp.'Genus Pungitius Omono form' *1987『Genetic Differences of Pungitius pungitius and P.sinensis in a Small Pond of the Omono River System, Japan:Keisuke Takata, Akira Goto & Fumio Yamazaki』。 *2009『トミヨ属雄物型−きわめて限定された生息地で湧水に支えられる遺存種の命運:杉山秀樹/森誠一』。 *2021『A New Species of Nine-Spined Stickleback, Pungitius modestus [Gasterosteiformes, Gasterosteidae], from Northern Honshu, Japan:Tatsuya Matsumoto, Keiichi Matsuura & Naoto Hanzawa』。
"トミヨ属雄物型"。環絶滅危惧IA類(CR)・絶滅危惧IA類(秋田)・CR(山形)。
◆ Pungitius platygaster (Kessler 1859)
syn.Gasterosteus platygaster Kessler 1859 Gasterosteus platygaster var.aralensis Kessler 1877 Gasterosteus platygaster var.caucasicus Kessler 1877 Gasterosteus platygaster var.danubicus Steindachner 1899 Gasterosteus platygaster kessleri (Yakovlev 1870) Gasterosteus platygaster niger (Yakovlev 1870) Gasterosteus pungitius var.niger Yakovlev 1870 Gasterosteus pungitius var.kessleri Yakovlev 1870 Pungitius platygaster var.aralensis Kessler 1877 Pygosteus platygaster nudus Berg 1905 *2015『Fresh-Water Fishes and Lampreys of Greece, an Annotated Check-List:Roberta Barbieri, Stamatis Zogaris, Eleni Kalogianni, Maria T.Stoumboudi, Yorgos Chatzinikolaou, Sofia Giakoumi, Yiannis Kapakos, Dimitris Kommatas, Nicholas Koutsikos, Vassilis Tachos, Louis Vardakas & Alcibiades N.Economou』。 *2020『Ichthyo-Fauna from Iranian Fresh-Water, Annotated Check-List, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment:Arash Jouladeh-Roudbar, Hamid Reza Ghanavi & Ignacio Doadrio』。
"ミナミココノツトゲウオ"。淡水〜汽水域。ベルン条約V。IUCN Least Concern ver.3.1。
◆キタノトミヨ Pungitius pungitius pungitius (von Linné 1758)
syn.Gasterostea pungitia (von Linné 1758) Gasteracanthus pungitius (von Linné 1758) Gasterosteus blanchardi Sauvage 1874 Gasterosteus concinnus Richardson 1836 Gasterosteus dekayi Agassiz 1850 non Ayres 1855 Gasterosteus mainensis Storer 1837 Gasterosteus nebulosus Agassiz 1850 Gasterosteus occidentalis Cuvier & Valenciennes 1829 ex von Linné 1758 Gasterosteus pungitius von Linné 1758 Gasterosteus pungitius brachypodus Bean 1879 Pungitius brevispinosus (Otaki 1908) Jordan & Hubbs 1925 Pygosteus brevispinosus Otaki 1908 Pygosteus occidentalis (Cuvier 1829) Pygosteus pungitius (von Linné 1758) Gilbert 1895 Pygosteus pungitius brachypodus (Bean 1879) Jordan & Evermann 1896 *1758『Regnum Animale 4, Pisces in Systema Naturæ per Regna Tria Naturæ 1 of 10°:Carl von Linné』。 *1761『Pisces in Fauna Svecicæ, Sistens Animalia Sveciae Regni, Mammalia, Aves, Amphibia, Pisces, Insecta, Vermes, Distributa per Classes & Ordines, Genera & Species, cum Differentiis Specierum, Synonymis Auctorum, Nominibus Incolarum, Locis Natalium, Descriptionibus Insectorum:Carl von Linné』。 *1765『Ichthyologia, cum Amphibiis Regni Borussici, Methodo Linnaena Disposita. Iohan, Jakob Kanter, Regiomonti, Ichthyologia, cum Amphibiis Regni Borussici:Johann Christoph Wulff』。 *1766『Regnum Animale 4, Pisces in Systema Naturæ per Regna Tria Naturæ 1 of 12°:Carl von Linné』。 *1776『British Zoology 3:Thomas Pennant』。 *1783『Ökonomische Naturgeschichte der Fische Deutschlands, mit Sieben und Dreyssig Kupfertafeln Nach Originalen 1-1-2:Marcus Elieser Bloch』。 *1783-1785『Ökonomische Naturgeschichte der Fische Deutschlands, mit Sieben und Dreyssig Kupfertafeln Nach Originalen 1 Atlas:Marcus Elieser Bloch』。 *1785『Ichtyologie, ou, Histoire Naturelle, Générale et Particulieère des Poissons, avec des Figures Enluminées, Dessinées d'Après Nature 2:Marcus Elieser Bloch』。 *1788『Tableau Encyclopédique et Méthodique des Trois Regnes de la Nature, Ichthyologie:Pierre Joseph Bonnaterre』。 *1801『Systema Ichthyologiae Iconibus cx Illustratum:Marcus Elieser Bloch after Johann Gottlob Schneider』。 *1803『General Zoology or Systematic Natural History 4, Pisces 2:George Shaw』。 *1817『Le Règne Animal Distribué d'Après son Organisation Pour Servir de Base à l'Histoire Naturelle des Animaux et d'Introduction à l'Anatomie Comparée 2, les Reptiles, les Poissons, les Mollusques et les Annélides:Georges Léopold Chrétien Frédéric Dagobert Cuvier』。 *1823『Notice of the Fishes by John Richardson in Narrative of a Journey to the Shores of the Polar Sea, in the Years 1819, 20, 21 and 22:John Franklin』。 *1829『Histoire Naturelle des Poissons 4:Georges Léopold Chrétien Frédéric Dagobert Cuvier & Achille Valenciennes』。 *1831『Zoographia Rosso-Asiatica, Sistens Omnium Animalium in Extenso Imperio Rossico et Adjacentibus Maribus Observatorum Recensionem, Domicilia, Mores et Descriptiones, Anatomen Atque Icones Plurimorum 3:Peter Simon Pallas』。 *1832『Das Thierreich, Geordnet Nach Seiner Organisation, als Grundlage der Naturgeschichte der Thiere und Als Einleitung in die Vergleichende Anatomie 2:Georges Léopold Chrétien Frédéric Dagobert Cuvier & Friedrich Siegmund Voight』。 *1836『Fauna Boreali-Americana, or the Zoology of the Northern Parts of British America, Containing Descriptions of the Objects of Natural History Collected on the Late Northern Land Expeditions Under Command of Captain Sir John Franklin, R.N. 3, the Fish:John Richardson』。 *1838-1839『A Report on the Fishes of Massachusetts 1839:David Humphreys Storer』。 *1839『Reports on the Fishes, Reptiles and Birds of Massachusetts:David Humphreys Storer』。 *1842『Fishes in Natural History of New York 1:James Ellsworth de Kay』。 *1842『Fishes in Natural History of New York 1 Plates:James Ellsworth de Kay』。 *1846『A Synopsis of the Fishes of North America 1845:David Humphreys Storer』。 *1850『Lake Superior, Its Physical Character, Vegetation and Animals, Compared with Those of Other and Similar Regions:Jean Louis Rodolphe Agassiz』。 *1854『Catalogue of Fish Collected and Described by Laurence Theodor Gronow, now in the British Museum:John Edward Gray』。 *1882『Synopsis of the Fishes of North America:David Starr Jordan & Charles Henry Gilbert』。 *1895『A History Scandinavian Fishes 2° 2:Bengt Fredrik Fries, Carl Ulrik Ekström & Carl Jacob Sundevall』。 *1895『The Ichthyological Collections of the Steamer Albatross During the Years 1890 and 1891:Charles Henry Gilbert』。 *1896『A Check-List of the Fishes and Fish-Like Vertebrates of North and Middle America 1895:David Starr Jordan & Barton Warren Evermann』。 *1896『The Fishes of North and Middle America 1, a Descriptive Catalogue of the Species of Fish-Like Vertebrates Found in the Waters of North America, North of the Isthmus of Panama:David Starr Jordan & Barton Warren Evermann』。 *1907『The Fishes of Alaska 1906:Barton Warren Evermann & Edmund Lee Goldsborough』。 *1907-1908『日本のトグウヲ:大瀧圭之介』。 *1912『Fishes from Bering Sea and Kamchatka 1910:Charles Henry Gilbert & Charles Victor Burke』。 *1913『A Catalogue of the Fishes of Japan:David Starr Jordan, Shigeho Tanaka & John Otterbein Snyder』。 *1922-1925『Record of Fishes Obtained by David Starr Jordan in Japan 1922:David Starr Jordan & Carl Leavitt Hubbs』。
"イバラトミヨ"。"Maine Stickle-Back"。"Many-Spined Burn-Stickle"。"Newfoundland Burn-Stickle"。"Nine-Spined Stickle-Back"。"Smaller Stickle-Back"。"Ten-Spined Burn-Stickle"。"Ten-Spined Stickle-Back"。"Tinker"。"Tiny Burn-Stickle"。淡水〜汽水〜海水域。IUCN Least Concern ver.3.1・本州淡水型環地域個体群(LP)。B(青森)・NT(山形)・絶滅危惧I類(新潟)。
◆トミヨ Pungitius sinensis sinensis (Guichenot 1869) Jordan & Hubbs 1925
syn.Gasterosteus japonicus Steindachner 1881 non Houttuyn 1782 Gasterosteus sinensis Guichenot 1869 Pungitius pungitius sinensis (Guichenot 1869) Pygosteus pungitius sinensis (Guichenot 1869) Pygosteus sinensis (Guichenot 1869) Jordan & Starks 1905 Pygosteus steindachneri Jordan & Snyder 1901 ※=Gasterosteus japonicus Steindachner 1881 の代替。 *1901『A List of Fishes Collected in Japan by Keinosuke Otaki and by the United States Steamer Albatross, with Descriptions of Fourteen New Species:David Starr Jordan & John Otterbein Snyder』。 *1903『A Review of the Hemibranchiate Fishes of Japan:David Starr Jordan & Edwin Chapin Starks』。 *1905『On a Collection of Fishes Made in Korea, by Pierre Louis Jouy, with Descriptions of New Species:David Starr Jordan & Edward Chapin Starks』。 *1907-1908『日本のトグウヲ:大瀧圭之介』。 *1913『A Catalogue of the Fishes of Japan:David Starr Jordan, Shigeho Tanaka & John Otterbein Snyder』。 *1913-1914『A Catalog of the Fishes Known from the Waters of Korea 1913:David Starr Jordan & Charles William Metz』。 *1922-1925『Record of Fishes Obtained by David Starr Jordan in Japan 1922:David Starr Jordan & Carl Leavitt Hubbs』。
"クニモリ"。"トゲブナ"。"トビウオ"。"ハリサバ"。石川県指定希少野生動植物種。B(青森)・絶滅危惧II類(秋田淡水型)・絶滅危惧I類(新潟)。危急種(富山)・絶滅危惧I類(石川)。
◆エゾトミヨ Pungitius tymensis (Nikolskii 1889)
syn.Gasterosteus tymensis Nikolskii 1889 Pungitius pungitius tymensis (Nikolskii 1889) Pygosteus tymensis (Nikolskii 1889) Tanaka 1908 Pygosteus undecimalis Jordan & Starks 1903 *1903『A Review of the Hemibranchiate Fishes of Japan:David Starr Jordan & Edwin Chapin Starks』。 *1906-1908『Notes on a Collection of Fishes made by Prof.Ijima in the Southern Parts of Sakhalin 1908:Shigeho Tanaka』。 *1907-1908『日本のトグウヲ:大瀧圭之介』。 *1912『Japanese Shore Fishes Collected by the United States Bureau of Fisheries Steamer Albatross Expedition of 1906 1909:John Otterbein Snyder』。 *1913『A Catalogue of the Fishes of Japan:David Starr Jordan, Shigeho Tanaka & John Otterbein Snyder』。
淡水棲。環絶滅危惧II類(VU)・希少R(北海道)。
◆ウミトゲウオ(欧州) Spinachia spinachia (von Linné 1758)
syn.Gasterosteus marinus Gronow ex Gray 1854 Gasterosteus spinachius von Linné 1758 ※=Gasterosteus (Spinachia) spinachius von Linné 1758 emend. Cuvier 1817。 Gasterosteus spinochius Cuvier & Voight 1832 ※スペルミス。 Gastraea spinachia (von Linné 1758) Polycanthus spinachius (von Linné 1758) Spinachia vulgaris Fleming 1828 *1758『Regnum Animale 4, Pisces in Systema Naturæ per Regna Tria Naturæ 1 of 10°:Carl von Linné』。 *1761『Pisces in Fauna Svecicæ, Sistens Animalia Sveciae Regni, Mammalia, Aves, Amphibia, Pisces, Insecta, Vermes, Distributa per Classes & Ordines, Genera & Species, cum Differentiis Specierum, Synonymis Auctorum, Nominibus Incolarum, Locis Natalium, Descriptionibus Insectorum:Carl von Linné』。 *1766『Regnum Animale 4, Pisces in Systema Naturæ per Regna Tria Naturæ 1 of 12°:Carl von Linné』。 *1776『British Zoology 3:Thomas Pennant』。 *1783『Ökonomische Naturgeschichte der Fische Deutschlands, mit Sieben und Dreyssig Kupfertafeln Nach Originalen 1-1-2:Marcus Elieser Bloch』。 *1783-1785『Ökonomische Naturgeschichte der Fische Deutschlands, mit Sieben und Dreyssig Kupfertafeln Nach Originalen 1 Atlas:Marcus Elieser Bloch』。 *1785『Ichtyologie, ou, Histoire Naturelle, Générale et Particulieère des Poissons, avec des Figures Enluminées, Dessinées d'Après Nature 2:Marcus Elieser Bloch』。 *1788『Tableau Encyclopédique et Méthodique des Trois Regnes de la Nature, Ichthyologie:Pierre Joseph Bonnaterre』。 *1801『Icones cx Systema Ichthyologiae M.E.Blochii Illustrantes, Atlas of Systema Ichthyologiae Iconibus cx Illustratum:Marcus Elieser Bloch after Johann Gottlob Schneider』。 *1801『Systema Ichthyologiae Iconibus cx Illustratum:Marcus Elieser Bloch after Johann Gottlob Schneider』。 *1803『General Zoology or Systematic Natural History 4, Pisces 2:George Shaw』。 *1817『Le Règne Animal Distribué d'Après son Organisation Pour Servir de Base à l'Histoire Naturelle des Animaux et d'Introduction à l'Anatomie Comparée 2, les Reptiles, les Poissons, les Mollusques et les Annélides:Georges Léopold Chrétien Frédéric Dagobert Cuvier』。 *1829『Histoire Naturelle des Poissons 4:Georges Léopold Chrétien Frédéric Dagobert Cuvier & Achille Valenciennes』。 *1832『Das Thierreich, Geordnet Nach Seiner Organisation, als Grundlage der Naturgeschichte der Thiere und Als Einleitung in die Vergleichende Anatomie 2:Georges Léopold Chrétien Frédéric Dagobert Cuvier & Friedrich Siegmund Voight』。 *1854『Catalogue of Fish Collected and Described by Laurence Theodor Gronow, now in the British Museum:John Edward Gray』。 *1895『A History Scandinavian Fishes 2° 2:Bengt Fredrik Fries, Carl Ulrik Ekström & Carl Jacob Sundevall』。
"Fifteen-Spined Stickle-Back"。海水棲、一部は汽水域に進入。番で行動。